Recent developments in the Middle East conflict show increasing complexity, with interrelated geopolitical, economic and social issues. One of the main highlights is the tension between Israel and Palestine. The formation of new settlements and rocket attacks from Gaza have worsened the situation. The UN condemned unilateral actions that worsened the future of the two-state solution. Diplomacy carried out by countries finds it difficult to reach consensus, even though meetings between leaders are held periodically. On the other hand, the crisis in Syria continues. Bashar al-Assad’s government, with Russian and Iranian support, has reclaimed most of the territory, although some areas are still controlled by rebels. The humanitarian situation in Syria remains critical, with millions of people displaced and in need of assistance. Turkish Military activity in northern Syria is also a concern, focused on reducing Kurdish influence in the region. The situation in Yemen is deteriorating, where the conflict between the internationally recognized government and the Houthis continues. Airstrikes and blockades led to the world’s worst humanitarian crisis. Mediation efforts by the UN have not shown significant results, despite a temporary ceasefire. Yemen’s economy is crumbling, causing a surge in the number of refugees and mass suffering. In Iraq, post-Syria, ISIS still shows its presence even though it has lost a lot of territory. Bombing incidents and terrorist attacks still occur, posing challenges to national security and regional stability. The Iraqi government is trying to strengthen its armed forces to prevent the rise of these extremist groups. Meanwhile, Iran remains a key actor in the Middle East conflict. Its nuclear program attracted international attention, with debate over the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) agreement stalled. Iran’s relations with Gulf countries, especially Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, are trying to get closer even though tensions remain. Political developments in Lebanon are also significant with a severe economic crisis and a resurgence of protest mobilization. Hezbollah continues to wield great influence, disrupting political stability in the country. Public dissatisfaction with the government prompted calls for reform, although the situation remained complex with many foreign interests intervening. With the advent of normalization of relations between Israel and several Arab countries, such as the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain through the Abraham Accords, hopes for peace seem increasingly far from reality. Despite diplomatic progress, fundamental challenges remain, and Palestinian protests against injustice continue. Overall, recent developments in the conflict in the Middle East show unpredictable dynamics, characterized by regional and global forces seeking to influence the future direction of the region. This conflict continues to attract world attention, while driving the need for a comprehensive and sustainable solution.
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